Ibisobanuro
Inganda zo mu kirere zisaba ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bishobora guhangana n'ibihe bikabije, birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, kwambara nabi, no gutunganya neza amavuta avanze. Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) yagaragaye nkibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa byo mu kirere kubera ubukana budasanzwe, guhagarara neza kwubushyuhe, no kwihanganira kwambara. Uru rupapuro rutanga isesengura ryuzuye ku ruhare rwa PDC mu bikorwa byo mu kirere, harimo gutunganya amavuta ya titanium, ibikoresho bikomatanya, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane. Byongeye kandi, irasuzuma imbogamizi nko kwangirika kwubushyuhe hamwe nigiciro kinini cyumusaruro, hamwe nibizaza muri tekinoroji ya PDC kubikorwa byindege.
1. Intangiriro
Inganda zo mu kirere zirangwa n'ibisabwa bikenewe kugira ngo bisobanuke neza, biramba, n'imikorere. Ibigize nka blade ya turbine, ibice byububiko bwa airframe, nibice bya moteri bigomba gukorwa muburyo bwa micron murwego rwo gukomeza ubusugire bwimiterere mubikorwa bikabije. Ibikoresho gakondo byo gukata akenshi binanirwa kubahiriza ibyo bisabwa, biganisha ku kwemeza ibikoresho bigezweho nka Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC).
PDC, ibikoresho bishingiye kuri diyama ikomatanyirijwe hamwe na tungsten karbide substrate, itanga ubukana butagereranywa (bugera ku 10,000 HV) hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, bigatuma biba byiza gutunganya ibikoresho byo mu kirere. Uru rupapuro rugaragaza ibintu bifatika bya PDC, uburyo bwo gukora, n'ingaruka zabyo mu gukora ikirere. Byongeye kandi, iraganira ku mbogamizi zigezweho hamwe niterambere rizaza mu ikoranabuhanga rya PDC.
2. Ibintu Byiza bya PDC Bifitanye isano na Porogaramu yo mu kirere
2.1 Gukomera bikabije no kwambara birwanya
Diamond ni ibikoresho bizwi cyane, bifasha ibikoresho bya PDC gukoresha imashini zo mu kirere zangiza cyane nka karuboni fibre-yongerewe imbaraga za polymer (CFRP) hamwe na ceramic matrix compites (CMC).
Byongerera cyane ibikoresho byubuzima ugereranije na karbide cyangwa ibikoresho bya CBN, kugabanya ibiciro byo gukora.
2.2 Ubushyuhe Bwinshi Bwinshi nubushyuhe
Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza birinda ihindagurika ryumuriro mugihe cyo gutunganya byihuse umuvuduko wa titanium na nikel ishingiye kuri superalloys.
Igumana ubunyangamugayo bugezweho ndetse no ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru (kugeza kuri 700 ° C).
2.3
Kurwanya reaction yimiti hamwe na aluminium, titanium, nibikoresho byinshi.
Kugabanya kwambara ibikoresho mugihe utunganya ibinyabuzima byo mu kirere byangirika.
2.4 Gukomera kuvunika no Kurwanya Ingaruka
Tungsten karbide substrate yongerera igihe kirekire, igabanya ibikoresho kumeneka mugihe cyo guhagarika ibikorwa.
3. Gukora inzira ya PDC kubikoresho byo mu kirere-Icyiciro
3.1 Synthesis ya diyama no gucumura
Ibice bya diyama ya sintetike ikorwa hifashishijwe umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi (HPHT) cyangwa imyuka ya chimique (CVD).
Gucumura kuri 5-7 GPa na 1,400–1,600 ° C bihuza ibinyampeke bya diyama na tungsten karbide substrate.
3.2 Ibikoresho bihimbano
Gukata lazeri hamwe no gutunganya amashanyarazi (EDM) byerekana PDC mumashanyarazi yabigenewe no gusya.
Ubuhanga bugezweho bwo gusya buteganya gukata cyane gukata impande zose.
3.3 Kuvura Ubuso hamwe no gutwikira
Kuvura nyuma yo gucumura (urugero, cobalt leaching) byongera ubushyuhe bwumuriro.
Diyama isa na karubone (DLC) irusheho kunoza imyambarire.
4. Ibyingenzi byingenzi byindege zikoreshwa mubikoresho bya PDC
4.1 Gukora amavuta ya Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V)
Imbogamizi: Ubushyuhe buke bwa Titanium butera ibikoresho byihuta mugukora bisanzwe.
Inyungu za PDC:
Kugabanya imbaraga zo gukata no kubyara ubushyuhe.
Ubuzima bwagutse bwagutse (kugeza 10x kurenza ibikoresho bya karbide).
Porogaramu: Ibikoresho byo guhanura indege, ibice bya moteri, nibice byububiko bwa airframe.
4.2 Imashini ya Carbone Fibre-Yongerewe imbaraga Polymer (CFRP)
Inzitizi: CFRP irasebanya cyane, itera kwangirika kwibikoresho byihuse.
Inyungu za PDC:
Gusiba bike hamwe no gukuramo fibre kubera gukata gukabije.
Gucukura byihuse no gutobora indege ya fuselage.
4.3 Superalloys ishingiye kuri Nickel (Inconel 718, Rene 41)
Inzitizi: Gukomera gukabije n'ingaruka zikomeye.
Inyungu za PDC:
Ikomeza kugabanya imikorere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Ikoreshwa muri turbine blade gutunganya no gutwika ibyumba.
4.4 Ibikoresho bya Ceramic Matrix (CMC) kubikorwa bya Hypersonic **
Inzitizi: Ubugome bukabije na kamere yo gutukana.
Inyungu za PDC:
Gusya neza no kurangiza neza nta micro-crack.
Nibyingenzi kuri sisitemu yo gukingira ubushyuhe mumodoka ikurikira-gen.
4.5 Inganda ziyongera nyuma yo gutunganywa
Porogaramu: Kurangiza 3D-icapishijwe titanium na Inconel ibice.
Inyungu za PDC:
Gusya cyane-gusya kwa geometrike igoye.
Kugera ku kirere cyo mu kirere cyo kurangiza ibisabwa.
5. Imbogamizi nimbibi mubisabwa mu kirere
5.1 Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru
Igishushanyo kiboneka hejuru ya 700 ° C, bigabanya imashini yumye ya superalloys.
5.2 Ibiciro byumusaruro mwinshi
Guhenze kwa HPHT hamwe nibikoresho bya diyama bigabanya kwakirwa cyane.
5.3 Ubwitonzi mugukata
Ibikoresho bya PDC birashobora gukata mugihe cyo gutunganya ubuso budasanzwe (urugero, umwobo wacukuwe muri CFRP).
5.4 Guhuza ibyuma bya ferrous bigarukira
Kwambara imiti bibaho mugihe cyo gutunganya ibyuma.
6. Ibizaza hamwe nudushya
6.1 Nano-Yubatswe PDC kugirango Yongere Ubukomezi
Kwinjiza ibinyampeke bya nano-diyama biteza imbere kuvunika.
6.2 Hybrid PDC-CBN Ibikoresho byo Gukora Superalloy
Ihuza imyambarire ya PDC hamwe nubushyuhe bwa CBN.
6.3 Imashini ya PDC Ifashwa
Ibikoresho mbere yo gushyushya bigabanya imbaraga zo guca kandi byongerera ubuzima ibikoresho.
6.4 Ibikoresho bya PDC byubwenge hamwe na Sensors yashyizwemo
Gukurikirana-igihe nyacyo cyo kwambara ibikoresho nubushyuhe bwo kubungabunga.
7. Umwanzuro
PDC yahindutse urufatiro rwo gukora icyogajuru, ifasha gutunganya neza-titanium, CFRP, na superalloys. Mugihe imbogamizi nko gutakaza ubushyuhe hamwe nigiciro kinini bikomeje, iterambere rikomeje mubumenyi bwibikoresho no gushushanya ibikoresho byagura ubushobozi bwa PDC. Ibishya bizaza, harimo nano yubatswe na PDC hamwe na sisitemu yo gukoresha ibikoresho bya Hybrid, bizarushaho gushimangira uruhare rwayo mu gisekuru kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2025
