Amateka Mugufi Yabakata PDC

PDC, cyangwa polycrystalline compact ya diyama, abakata babaye abahindura umukino mubikorwa byo gucukura. Ibi bikoresho byo gukata byahinduye tekinoroji yo gucukura byongera imikorere no kugabanya ibiciro. Ariko abakata PDC baturutse he, kandi ni gute bamenyekanye cyane?

Amateka yo gukata PDC yatangiriye mu myaka ya za 1950 igihe diyama yubukorikori yatunganijwe bwa mbere. Iyi diyama yakozwe mugukoresha grafite kumuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe, ikora ibintu byari bikomeye kuruta diyama isanzwe. Diyama ya sintetike yamenyekanye cyane mubikorwa byinganda, harimo no gucukura.

Ariko, gukoresha diyama yubukorikori mu gucukura byari bigoye. Diyama yakundaga kumeneka cyangwa gutandukana nigikoresho, bikagabanya imikorere yayo kandi bigasaba gusimburwa kenshi. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abashakashatsi batangiye kugerageza guhuza diyama ya sintetike n’ibindi bikoresho, nka tungsten karbide, kugira ngo bakore igikoresho kiramba kandi cyiza.

Mu myaka ya za 70, icyuma cya mbere cya PDC cyatunganijwe, kigizwe na diyama ihujwe na tungsten karbide substrate. Ibyo byuma byabanje gukoreshwa mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ariko inyungu zabo zahise zigaragara mu bikorwa byo gucukura peteroli na gaze. Gukata PDC byatanze gucukura byihuse kandi neza, kugabanya ibiciro no kongera umusaruro.

Uko ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere, abakata PDC barushijeho gutera imbere, hamwe nibishushanyo bishya nibikoresho byongera igihe kirekire kandi bihindagurika. Uyu munsi, amashanyarazi ya PDC akoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gucukura, harimo gucukura geothermal, ubucukuzi, ubwubatsi, nibindi byinshi.

Imikoreshereze ya PDC nayo yatumye habaho iterambere mubuhanga bwo gucukura, nko gutambuka gutambitse no gucukura icyerekezo. Ubu buhanga bwashobokaga no kongera imikorere no kuramba kwa PDC, bituma habaho gucukura neza kandi kugenzurwa.

Mu gusoza, abakata PDC bafite amateka akomeye ahereye ku iterambere rya diyama yubukorikori mu myaka ya za 1950. Ubwihindurize niterambere ryabo byatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mubuhanga bwo gucukura, kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ibiciro, no kwagura ibikorwa. Mugihe icyifuzo cyo gucukura vuba kandi neza gikomeje kwiyongera, biragaragara ko amashanyarazi ya PDC azakomeza kuba igice cyingenzi cyinganda zicukura.